6th Class Science Text…

6th Class Science Notes/SCERT

Our Food/class 6 science chapter 1:

• Bananas are rich in potassium, which is beneficial for health.
• To regulate the insulin response caused by the sugar in bananas, experts recommend consuming them with a bit of protein and not on an empty stomach.
• Chicory offers benefits for digestion, the circulatory system, and blood health.
• Consume beetroots sparingly because they are high in carbohydrates.
• Peanuts contain valuable protein but may be difficult to digest for some individuals, as they can be allergenic.
• Onions possess antioxidant properties and contain anti-allergic, antiviral, and antihistaminic properties.
• Sweet potatoes are a rich source of carotenoid antioxidants.
• Tomatoes are rich in vitamin C, with the highest concentration found in the jelly-like substance around the seeds, contributing to immune support.
• Foods containing carotenoids, like tomatoes, can reduce the risk of cancer.
• Cakes and cookies are high in sugar and lack essential vitamins and minerals.
• Oranges are a good source of dietary fiber.

6th Class Science Text…

Playing with Magnets/Chapter 2:

Types of Magnets:

• The strongest known magnets are neodymium magnets.
• Special alloys like iron, nickel, copper, cobalt, and aluminum can create powerful magnets.
• Historic use of lodestone in battles by Archimedes for ship sabotage.

Electromagnets:

• Created by winding wire coils around a steel rod.
• Veterinarians use magnets to retrieve swallowed metal from animals.

Basic Magnet Types:

• Simple magnets are made with iron or steel.
• Various shapes include bar, horseshoe, ring, and disc magnets.

Magnetic Materials:

• Materials attracted by magnets are magnetic materials.
• Non-attracted materials are non-magnetic.

Magnet Poles:

• Bar magnets have two poles with stronger attracting capacity.
• Every magnet has North and South poles.
• Freely suspended magnets align North-South.

Magnetic Interactions:

• Unlike poles attract; like poles repel.

Magnetic Induction:

• A nearby magnet induces the property of magnetic induction in a substance.

Earth’s Magnetism:

• Earth magnets are 20 times more powerful than fridge magnets.
• Earth’s magnetic field is like a bar magnet at its center.
• Earth’s magnetic field likely comes from a liquid core, acting as a gigantic electromagnet.

Rain : Where Does It
Come From?/Chapter 3:

• Raindrops vary in size from 0.02 inch to about 0.031 inch in diameter.
• Umbrellas were originally intended for shade from the hot Egyptian sun.
• Some monkeys are omnivores, which means they eat other animals.
• Certain rainforests are home to flying animals such as squirrels and snakes.
• Acid rain is the result of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions from industries and the burning of fossil fuels.
• Very small raindrops are collectively termed drizzle.
• Raindrops fall between 7 and 18 miles per hour (3 and 8 meters per second).
• A monsoon is a seasonal wind, especially found in Asia, that reverses direction between summer and winter and often brings heavy rains.

What do Animals Eat ?/Chapter 4:

1. Evolution of Animals:
   • The first animals evolved approximately 600 million years ago during the late Precambrian period.
2. Classification of Animals:
   • Animals are divided into six basic groups, which include invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
3. Mammals:
   • There are approximately 5,400 species of mammals alive today.
   • The largest animal alive today is the blue whale, which can weigh between 110 to 160 tonnes and grow to lengths of 20 to 30 meters.
4. Motility of Animals:
   • Most animals are motile, meaning they are capable of movement.
   • An exception to this is sponges, which are considered sedentary for most of their life cycle.
5. Heterotrophy:
   • All animals are heterotrophs, meaning they cannot produce their own food.
6. Evolution of Birds:
   • Birds evolved from reptiles during the Mesozoic Era about 150 million years ago.
   • Birds are vertebrate animals with backbones.
   • Birds have wings and can fly; they possess hollow bones to save weight. However, not all birds can fly, such as penguins, ostriches, emus, and rheas.
7. Desert Animal Behavior:
   • Many desert animals are nocturnal. They burrow underground during the day to escape extremely high temperatures and come out at night to feed.
8. Leopards:
   • The leopard (Panthera pardus) is a member of the cat family (Felidae).
   • The lifespan of a leopard is typically between 12 and 17 years.
9. Survival Fact:
   • Surprisingly, a rat can last longer without water than a camel can.

Materials and Things/Chapter 5:

1. Color of Transparent Objects:
   • The color of a transparent object depends on the color of light it transmits.
2. Interaction with White Light:
   • When white light shines on an object, it can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted by the object.
3. Perception of Color:
   • We do not actually see colors. What we perceive as color is the effect of light shining on an object.
4. Object Floatation:
   • Objects sink or float based on whether their density is greater or less than the density of the medium they are in.
   • Water has a density of 1g/ml, so objects with a density less than 1g/ml will float.
5. Density of Water and Ice:
   • Water is more dense than ice, and this is due to the crystalline structure of ice.
6. Etymology of “Candle”:
   • The word “candle” is derived from the Latin word “candere,” which means “to shine.”
7. Candles Made of Beeswax:
   • Candles made of beeswax have a sweet smell and produce less smoke.
8. Effect of Light Color on Transparency:
   • When green light passes through a transparent object, the emerging light is green. Similarly, when red light passes through a transparent object, the emerging light is red.

6th Class Science Text…

Habitat/Chapter 6:

1. Coastal Areas:
   • Where water meets land, a diverse array of animals and wildlife gather for feeding, reproduction, and shelter.
2. Vast Oceans:
   • Seas and oceans cover over 70 percent of Earth’s surface and hold more than 300 million cubic miles of water.
3. Transition Zones:
   • Where freshwater mixes with saltwater, you’ll find habitats like mangroves, salt marshes, and mud flats.
4. Variety of Aquatic Habitats:
   • Aquatic habitats include lakes, rivers, wetlands, marshes, lagoons, streams, rivers, and swamps.
5. Grasslands and Savannas:
   • These habitats are characterized by grass vegetation and the absence of forests or dense tree stands.
6. Forests and Woodlands:
   • Forests, which dominate about one-third of the Earth’s land surface, are home to diverse tree-dwelling wildlife.
7. Deserts and Scrublands:
   • These landscapes have limited precipitation and are inhabited by specialized flora and fauna adapted to arid conditions.
8. Coral Reefs:
   • Coral reefs, comprised of millions of tiny coral polyps, are among the world’s most diverse and fragile marine habitats.
9. Mountain Ecosystems:
   • Mountains provide habitats for various terrestrial animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, invertebrates, and amphibians.
10. Alpine/Montane Habitats:
    • Alpine or montane habitats exist in highlands and mountain ranges worldwide, offering unique ecosystems.
11. Diverse Planet:
    • Our planet is a mosaic of land, sea, and an array of life forms, showcasing the richness of natural diversity.

6th Class Science Text…

Separation of Substances/Chapter 7:

1. Camphor Production:
   • Camphor is derived through the process of steam distillation of the bark of the camphor tree, scientifically known as Cinnamomum camphora.
2. Crystalline Water in Crystals:
   • Crystals such as salt and alum can contain a form of water known as crystalline water.
3. Concrete Composition:
   • Concrete is a composite material made by combining sand, stones, and cement. It is typically used to fill iron frames for construction purposes.
4. Floating in the Dead Sea:
   • The Dead Sea in Jordan is known for its high salt content, and as a result, individuals can easily float on its surface due to the buoyancy created by the high salt concentration.
5. The Dead Sea’s Salinity:
   • The Dead Sea is a notable salt lake with an exceptionally high salt content.
6. Handpicking for Pest Control:
   • Handpicking is an effective method for pest control, particularly when dealing with a limited number of infested plants.
7. Natural Groundwater Filtration:
   • Soil and rock layers possess natural filtration properties, which result in groundwater of high clarity due to the removal of impurities.
8. Chilka Lake – India’s Largest Saltwater Lake:
   • Chilka Lake holds the distinction of being the largest saltwater lake in India.
9. Impact of Consuming Distilled Water:
   • Prolonged consumption of distilled water can negatively affect metabolic processes, as it lacks essential salts and minerals.
10. Solid Carbon Dioxide – Dry Ice:
    • The solid form of carbon dioxide is commonly referred to as “Dry Ice.” It is used for various applications, including cooling and special effects due to its sublimation properties.

6th Class Science Text…

Fibre to Fabric/Chapter 8:

1. Corn Fiber Innovation in Textiles:
   • Corn fiber represents a recent innovation in the textile industry, offering new possibilities for sustainable and eco-friendly fabrics.
2. Silk Production from Spiders:
   • While silk is traditionally obtained from silkworms, scientists have recently developed an innovative method for producing silk from spiders, opening up new avenues in textile production.
3. Sheep’s Wool in Woollen Clothes:
   • A significant portion of woolen clothing used worldwide is crafted from the natural wool of sheep, known for its warmth and comfort.
4. Charles Macintosh’s Waterproof Garments:
   • Charles Macintosh, a Scottish chemist, is credited with inventing a method in 1823 for creating waterproof garments, a crucial development in clothing technology.
5. Waldo L. Semon and PVC Vinyl Invention:
   • Waldo L. Semon is the inventor of a method to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) useful, contributing to the creation of vinyl, which has diverse applications.
6. Dr. Miyoshi Okamoto’s Microfiber Invention:
   • In 1970, Dr. Miyoshi Okamoto, a scientist at Toray Industries, introduced the world’s first microfiber, revolutionizing textiles with its fine and lightweight properties.
7. Polyester from Petroleum:
   • Polyester, one of the most commonly used synthetic fibers, is manufactured from petroleum resources, and it finds extensive use in various textiles and apparel.
8. Rayon Production from Wood Pulp:
   • Rayon threads are produced by treating wood pulp with specific chemicals, creating a versatile fiber used in textiles.
9. Cotton Boll and Long Thread:
   • From a single cotton boll, it is possible to obtain a thread that can span up to 500 meters, showcasing the remarkable length potential of this natural fiber in the textile industry.

Additional content will be added soon…

For History and Cultural Heritage of India Topics and Mcqs

G20 Summit

Saturn Planet

Fundamental rights in India constitution

Satavahana Dynasty

Social movements in India With examples -Exam Notes

7th schedule of constitution of India with Question and Answers